Keywords: NiCd battery resistance factors, nickel-cadmium battery behavior, internal impedance changes, battery maintenance
Introduction
Although Ni-Cd batteries are known for their durability, their internal resistance can still change over time. Identifying the factors that influence this change helps ensure stable performance in mission-critical systems.
Key Factors Affecting Internal Resistance
1. Temperature
Low temperatures increase internal resistance, reducing discharge capability. High temperatures accelerate electrolyte degradation.
2. State of Charge (SOC)
A deeply discharged Ni-Cd battery shows higher internal resistance because the active material becomes less conductive.
3. Electrolyte Condition
Aging electrolyte or loss of electrolyte due to venting will increase resistance significantly.
4. Electrode Aging
Over time, the electrodes undergo crystal growth, leading to higher impedance.
Signs of Rising Internal Resistance
- Reduced voltage under load
- Excessive heating during discharge
- Slower charging
- Shorter cycle duration
Conclusion
Monitoring these factors is essential for maintaining stable Ni-Cd system performance. Regular inspection and proper operating conditions can minimize internal resistance increase.
