Introduction
Incorrect charging is one of the leading causes of lead-acid battery failure in home solar systems.
1. Importance of Proper Charge Controllers
Use MPPT or PWM charge controllers with adjustable parameters.
Key charging stages:
- Bulk
- Absorption
- Float
2. Voltage Matching and System Design
Ensure compatibility between:
- Battery voltage (12V / 24V / 48V)
- Inverter input range
- Solar charge controller output
3. Overcharge and Undercharge Protection
Improper voltage settings lead to:
- Sulfation
- Excessive gassing
- Reduced capacity
4. Temperature Compensation
High-quality controllers support temperature compensation, critical for lead-acid batteries.
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Conclusion
Correct charging control protects batteries, improves energy efficiency, and prevents premature system failure.
