Yes, lead-acid batteries contain active substances that participate in the electrochemical reactions during charging and discharging. These substances are crucial for the battery’s ability to store and release energy. The primary active materials in lead-acid batteries include:
1. Lead Dioxide (PbO₂)
- Location: Positive Plate
- Role: During discharge, lead dioxide reacts with sulfuric acid to form lead sulfate and water. During charging, lead sulfate is converted back to lead dioxide.
2. Sponge Lead (Pb)
- Location: Negative Plate
- Role: During discharge, sponge lead reacts with sulfuric acid to form lead sulfate. During charging, lead sulfate is converted back to sponge lead.
3. Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄)
- Location: Electrolyte
- Role: The sulfuric acid acts as an electrolyte, allowing the flow of ions between the positive and negative plates. During discharge, sulfuric acid is consumed, and its concentration decreases. During charging, the concentration of sulfuric acid increases as it is regenerated.
