Introduction
Charging behavior in lead-acid energy storage batteries is deeply influenced by whether they are connected in series or parallel. Proper charging ensures optimal lifespan, efficiency, and safety.
Keywords: charging lead-acid batteries in series, parallel battery charging issues, energy storage battery charger settings.
1. Charging Batteries in Series
When charging series strings:
- The charger sees the total voltage.
- Weak batteries reach full charge earlier and risk overcharge.
- Strong batteries may remain undercharged.
Recommendations
- Use multi-stage chargers with temperature compensation.
- Periodically perform equalization charging.
- Monitor each battery’s voltage individually.
2. Charging Batteries in Parallel
Charging parallel-connected batteries keeps:
- Voltage constant
- Charging current shared among units
Common Problems
- Uneven current distribution
- One battery dominating the charge
- Thermal runaway in the weaker unit
3. Best Charging Practices
- Use a charger with sufficient current for the total Ah capacity.
- Keep batteries at the same temperature.
- Perform regular SOC and internal resistance checks.
Conclusion
Proper charging strategies vary significantly between series and parallel configurations. Understanding these differences helps prevent overcharging, undercharging, and premature failure.
