How to Measure the Service Life of Lead-acid Batteries?

The service life of a lead-acid battery refers to the period during which the battery can provide reliable performance within its intended application. The service life of a lead-acid battery can be measured or estimated using several methods.

1. Cycle Life: The cycle life of a lead-acid battery refers to the number of charge-discharge cycles it can undergo before its capacity drops below a certain level. This is typically expressed as the number of cycles at a specific depth of discharge (DOD), such as 50% or 80%. The cycle life of a lead-acid battery can be measured in a laboratory setting using specialized equipment that cycles the battery through charge and discharge cycles while monitoring its capacity.
2. Calendar Life: The calendar life of a lead-acid battery refers to the amount of time it can remain in storage before its capacity drops below a certain level. This is typically expressed as the number of years at a specific temperature, such as 20°C (68°F). The calendar life of a lead-acid battery can be estimated based on its design and construction, as well as its operating conditions.
3. End-of-Life Criteria: The end-of-life criteria for a lead-acid battery are typically based on its capacity or voltage. For example, a battery may be considered at the end of its service life when its capacity drops below 80% of its rated capacity or when its voltage drops below a certain level during discharge.
4. Field Testing: In some cases, the service life of a lead-acid battery can be estimated based on its performance in the field. This may involve monitoring the battery’s capacity, voltage, and other performance parameters over time to determine when it reaches the end of its service life.

It’s important to note that the service life of a lead-acid battery can be influenced by factors such as temperature, depth of discharge, charging and discharging rates, and maintenance practices. Proper maintenance, such as regular inspections, equalizing charges, and keeping the battery within its recommended temperature range, can help extend the service life of a lead-acid battery.